Dessalines Is Rising!!
Ayisyen: You Are Not Alone!

Editorial - Occupied Haiti To be Vaccinated! Franklin Ellis, Nov. 11, 2007
Fanmi Lavalas Emission
(Mp3 - 12:41| in French)
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Haïti/Propagation du Sida : Les erreurs du professeur Michael Worobey
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The Two Most Common Storylines
about Haiti and Haitians
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Media Lies and Real Haiti News
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U.S. Patterns in Haiti
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HLLN Links on Failed or Contaminated Vaccines

Dessalines' Law
Jean Jacques Dessalines

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Possible Media Bias on coverage of Gilbert/Worobey report
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The Uses of Haiti (1994, updated 2005) by Paul Farmer

Key HIV strain 'came from Haiti' | BBC News
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/7068574.stm

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Univ. of Arizona racist (Worobey) study stigmatizing Haitians

"Associations between Haitians and infectious disease are currently particularly strong in the U.S. popular press. This, too, is nothing new. Writing in 1920, National Geographic journalists noted that "it is estimated that 87 percent of the entire population were infected with contagious diseases." AIDS is merely the most recent in a long series of plagues attributed to Haiti. In the sixteenth century, Europeans insisted that syphilis originated n Haiti, and was brought back by Columbus' sailors. (the converse now appears to have been the case.)"Excerpted from: The Uses of Haiti (1994, updated 2005) --by Paul Farmer

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"....Another common practice among European explorers was to give "smallpox blankets" to the Indians. Since smallpox was unknown on this continent prior to the arrival of the Europeans, Native Americans did not have any natural immunity to the disease so smallpox would effectively wipe out entire villages with very little effort required by the Europeans. William Fenton describes how Europeans decimated Native American villages in his 1957 work "American Indian and White relations to 1830." From 1615 to 1619 smallpox ran rampant among the Wampanoags and their neighbors to the north. The Wampanoag lost 70 percent of their population to the epidemic and the Massachusetts lost 90 percent. Most of the Wampanoag had died from the smallpox epidemic so when the Pilgrims arrived they found well-cleared fields which they claimed for their own. A Puritan colonist, quoted by Harvard University's Perry Miller, praised the plague that had wiped out the Indians for it was "the wonderful preparation of the Lord Jesus Christ, by his providence for his people's abode in the Western world." Historians have since speculated endlessly on why the woods in the region resembled a park to the disembarking Pilgrims in 1620. The reason should have been obvious: hundreds, if not thousands, of people had lived there just five years before. In less than three generations the settlers would turn all of New England into a charnel house for Native Americans, and fire the economic engines of slavery throughout English-speaking America. Plymouth Rock is the place where the nightmare truly began. (The Black Commentator, The History of Thanksgiving)
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Possible Media Bias on coverage of Gilbert/Worobey report

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Haïti/Propagation du Sida : Les erreurs du professeur Michael Worobey | Alter Presse, Oct. 31, 2007
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Coincidence or Intentional? - Is there an International plan to depopulate
and exterminate a large portion of Haiti's population? by Ezili Dantò, November 4, 2006 (See also: Vaccinate Haiti! and Defamed! -Page 1, - Page 2, Pg. 3 and Pg. 4 )
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HLLN Links on Failed or Contaminated Vaccines

Ezili Dantò's Note, Oct. 31, 2007

A new attack on blacks, particularly Haitians, as "diseased" peoples has been launched

In reference to the new attack on Blacks, particularly Haitians, as "diseased" peoples that has been launched, we start our defense of the civil and human rights of Haitians, living abroad and in Haiti, by posting the ESMA statement denouncing the University of Arizona study which maintains HIV came from Haiti.

What is ESMA?

On their website, we learn that "Empire State Medical Association (ESMA) is the New York affiliate of The National Medical Association NMA which promotes the collective interests of physicians and patients of African descent. We carry out this mission by serving as the collective voice of physicians of African descent and a leading force for parity in medicine, elimination of health disparities and promotion of optimal health." http://www.nyesma.org/?html=aboutUs.php

ESMA is headed by Dr. Daniel Laroche, who is also an HLLNetwork member.

What's the issue?

There's a new "study" (according to a BBC article entitled "Key HIV strain 'came from Haiti'" (copied below), making the rounds in the mainstream news outlets that concludes Haiti and Africa gave the aids virus to North Americans and to Europe - the world, in effect. (See, Key HIV strain 'came from Haiti' at http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/7068574.stm).

The relevant parts maintain that:

"...After using genetic techniques to study the evolution of the virus, the researchers came to believe that the AIDS strain moved from Africa to Haiti at some time during the mid-1960s. They think it circulated in Haiti for perhaps a few years before moving on to the United States in about 1969..." (See, AIDS Stopped in Haiti Before US" (See, U.S. News and World Report -
http://health.usnews.com/usnews/health/healthday/
071030/aids-stopped-in-haiti-before-us.htm ).

Yesterday, Ezili's HLL Network stated that we "would join with anyone with solid information to discount this new attack on Black peoples worldwide."

And invited "any medical researcher, doctor or expert in the AIDs field, who have documented information to scuttle this new attack on Haiti, Africa, black and brown people and its intended stigma immediately" to forward us their
responses for wide publication and circulation.

I wrote that "I remember talk, and even references made in books, some years ago about the Aid's virus reaching Haiti via U.S. wealthy gay white tourists taking advantage of Haiti's children, Haiti's poverty and defenselessness around the end of Baby Doc's reign....

"This is an appeal to all those who get the Ezili Danto mailings, who have relevant and authentic information on the aids virus and its origin, to guide us against this new attack on black and brown peoples the worldwide.

This morning, we received, from Daniel Laroche MD (http://www.advancedeyecareny.com/ ;), of our HLL Network and the honorable President of Empire State Medical Association the very first of the responses we are sure will be in the dozens, at the very least.

Thank you Dr. Daniel Laroche and all the members of the Empire State Medical Association for your vigilance.

For we, of African descent, simply cannot afford to ignore these self-serving, racists attack on Africans and people of African descent, passed off as "science." And, given wide circulation by the embedded mainstream corporate media.

Be assured that HLLN stands with ESMA and all who denounces this new attack.

Further, HLLN commits to not only denounce but to pursue mobilizing a boycott of those making a profit from this "news" including the medias that publish these studies, if they should decide not to give an equally wide circulation to the scientific objections and noted oppositions to these racist theories. HLLN shall continue this pressure and these postings until all the responsible authorities, including without limitation, the authors, universities and foundations, et al, supporting and promoting this violence against our peoples, make a public retraction and provide such other relief as may be ordered by a court of law.

Haitian Lawyers Leadership Network ("HLLN")
(Dedicated to defending the cultural, civil and human rights of Haitians
living at home and abroad)
October 31, 2007

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Go to:
Empire State Medical Association - Statement Denouncing the controversial Woroby HIV study bien widely circulated by the mainstream media


HLLN Recommended Links on the Origins of Aids/HIV
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Haiti and AIDS or when Racism Masquerades as Science, by Jafrikayiti, (www.Jafrikayiti.com) November 2, 2007

The study published by Michael Worobey theorizing that AIDS left Africa for Haiti in the mid 1960-s and then stormed into the U.S. may turn out to be a very positive event both for the advancement of science and for unveiling just how pervasive white supremacist ideologies taint the modern scientific community.

Isn't it strange that Worobey's study hit the news the same week that James Watson, the aged Nobel laureate geneticist, allowed his mind to wonder so far as to not stop his mouth from uttering what must have been in his head for so long: "Africans are genetically inferior to Europeans". While many, including no doubt, fellow racists in the scientific community, jumped in the band wagon condemning Watson, there is little evidence that the white supremacist ideas he expressed are a rarity in this milieu. In fact, as proven by the article below, Watson's racism is anything but sudden. He was at it as far back as 2000. So, many are certainly faking outrage as they pretend to be shocked by his October 2007 racist remarks:

http://www.mindfully.org/GE/James-Watson-Racist-Sexist.htm

WATSON IS SLAPPED FOR BEING BAD - BUT WOROBEY PICKS UP THE BATON....

Indeed, to convince themselves of the genetic superiority of their "race", we have seen many despiccable efforts deployed recently by white scientists from the most reputable schools of disciplines like archeology or computer modeling.

Some have specialized in what I would term "virtual Michaeljacksonism" which is capable of turning the Black grandson of Black Queen Tiye, into a white-skinned boy lost in KMT, the land of OSIRIS - the land of the Blacks.

See for yourself "The amazing transformation of the famous African Pharaoh Tuntankhamun or Virtual Michael Jacksonism at its best!"
http://www.manuampim.com/2005_update.html

See Queen Tiye (Grandmother of King Tut):
http://www.homestead.com/wysinger/tiye.html
See OSIRIS (Le Grand Nègre)
http://www.hieroglyphen-info.de/bilder/goetter/osiris.jpg
and
http://www.mps.mpg.de/images/projekte/rosetta
/osiris/osiris_xl.jpg

SO WATSON AND WOROBEY ARE NOT ALONE !
Worobey offers a great opportunity for everyone, Haitians in particular, to
discover some very important information about the AIDS phenomenon but also
about how deep seated racism still eats the hearts of the post-colonial world - including the so-called "scientific community".

The fact that Worobey has often been called upon to try to quiet down or to discredit the Hooper theory about the (European) man-made origin of AIDS is
perhaps not insignificant. In mainstream news reports, for instance, Hooper is often given a couple of lines and then Worobey is called in to dominate the rest of the article.

We also know how white world leaders, including those hiding under the cover
of science or humanism, have a tendency to gang up on President Thabo Mbeki when he dares to lend an ear to the scientists who insist that the man-made disease theory, among others, deserve to be taken seriously.

African man of science and humanitarian Dr. Phillip Emeagwali wrote:

Quote:
"Religion is based on faith, while science is based on fact and reason

- and science is neutral to race. Unfortunately, scientists are not neutral
to race.

Take, for example, the origin of AIDS, an international disease. According
to scientific records, the first person to die from AIDS was a 25-year-old
sailor named David Carr, of Manchester, England.

Carr died on August 31, 1959, and because the disease that killed him was
then unknown, his tissue samples were saved for future analysis.

The “unknown disease” that killed David Carr was reported in The Lancet on
October 29, 1960. On July 7, 1990, The Lancet retested those old tissue samples taken from David Carr and reconfirmed that he had died of AIDS."

See:
http://emeagwali.com/speeches/globalization/the-
truth-about-globalization/index.html

Quickly, subsequent studies came to discredit this conclusion of a European
(British) origin for AIDS.

See: http://www.aidsorigins.com/content/view/180/53/


Obviously, unlike Britain, Haiti does not have the necessary army of scientists to conduct quick studies to escape the consequences of the stigma associcated with such heavy accusations (CDC's 4H in the 1980s and now Worobey's). So, Worobey's latest storm will almost certainly cause more damage to Haiti than was ever suffered by Britain.

And, as we can see from the way the dominant media outlets treat information, it will be a while before truth and justice prevail in this debate. But, every now and again an honest voice is raised loud enough to remind us not to allow our brains to fall asleep and to remain vigilant. Dr.

Paul Farmer's is one such voice:
See: AIDS and Accusations: Haiti and the Geography of Blame
http://www.ucpress.edu/books/sale/pages/2728001.html

Finally, let me offer a quote from Brian Martin in "The burden of proof and the origin of acquired immune deficiency syndrome"
http://www.uow.edu.au/arts/sts/bmartin/pubs/01ptrslb.html

"There is a distinct difference in the way that different theories about the origin of acquired immune deficiency syndrome have been treated, with the widely supported cut-hunter theory given relatively little scrutiny, while the oral polio vaccine theory has been subject to intense criticism.

This difference in treatment cannot be explained as application of the scientific method. A better explanation is that the burden of proof is put on all contenders to the cut-hunter theory, giving it an unfair advantage, especially given that this assignment of the burden of proof appears to reflect non-scientific factors".

In Haitian culture we say that "Deceit gallops (ahead) for a hundred years, truth catches up to him in a single day". Kidonk, galope Worobey, galope !

Jafrikayiti

Ottawa, Canada
November 1, 2007See also:

AID, AIDS, Experiments, Reparations and Red Herrings…
By Jafrikayiti, June 2001
http://www.windowsonhaiti.com/jafrik03.shtml

Other voices deserving to be heard, include:

Edward Hooper
http://www.aidsorigins.com/

Suppressed Science
http://www.suppressedscience.net/aids.html

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Haiti defamed
by Phillipe Papillon, Jamaica Gleaner, November 2, 2007

The Editor, Sir:

Pure defamation is the only way to describe the article titled 'Haiti was the launching pad for HIV into the US'. Conscientious and Afrocentric Haitians began arriving in post-colonial Africa in the '60s as teachers, doctors and engineers. To conclude that the virus was "most likely" transported to Haiti and later to America is as biased and crooked as a study can get.

The Europeans are more prolific travellers, and their presence in Africa far outdated that of the Haitians. The virus with a greater likelihood could have gone to Belgium, France, England, Canada ... and later to America.

To single out Haiti as a vector of the virus into the Americas is an attempt of the European political and medical establishment to hide their dirty works with chimpanzees, and to put the blame on a nation that seems defenceless and isolated. They still can't get over 1804!

I am, etc.,

PHILLIPE PAPILLON
couleurlokal@yahoo.com

Haitians critical of HIV report
By ERIKA BERAS, Nov. 1, 2007, Miami Herald
http://www.miamiherald.com/news/americas/v-print/story/292206.html

Alarmed by a recent study that suggests the origin of HIV in the United States
was a single Haitian immigrant who came to the U.S. in 1969, The Association of
Haitian Physicians Abroad and other Haitian-American leaders called a news
conference Thursday in Little Haiti to tell the community not to become
alarmed.

''We know you are filled with grief and frustration, '' said Dr. Smith Joseph,
president of the Florida chapter of the association, referring to the endless
streams of calls and chatter that have filled Haitian radio airwaves since the
study was released. ``We are going to consult with various experts to examine
the validity of the study.''

''A couple of decades ago, we had to debunk these myths,'' he said.

``It's as if we have stepped back in time.''

The highly publicized study, released this week in the respected medical
journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, suggests HIV went
directly from Africa to Haiti, then spread to the United States and the rest of
the world starting around 1969.

The findings were based, in part, on blood samples taken from about 20 Haitian
patients at Jackson Memorial Hospital from as far back as 1979.

The frozen samples were stored at the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention in Atlanta, and reanalyzed by the study's authors, including a
researcher at the University of Miami.

''The Haitian community is outraged and they have every right to be,'' said
Yolly Roberson, a former nurse who represents District 104 in Florida's House
of Representatives. ``I'm raising my daughter and I want her to be proud to be
Haitian. This is not the legacy I want to see perpetuated. ''

Thursday's news conference was held at Little Haiti's Jean Jacques Dessalines
Community Center. About 30 people were present, including members of the
Haitian Lawyers Association and The Haitian Nurses Association.

(c) 2007 Miami Herald Media Company. All Rights Reserved.

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The emergence of HIV/AIDS in the Americas and beyond M. Thomas P. Gilbert*†, Andrew Rambaut‡, Gabriela Wlasiuk*, Thomas J. Spira§, Arthur E. Pitchenik¶, and Michael Worobey*
(Go to pdf for entire report)

*Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721; Ancient DNA and Evolution Group, Centre for Ancient Genetics, Niels Bohr Institute and Biological Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; ‡Institute for Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, United Kingdom,; §Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333; and ¶Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33125

Edited by John M. Coffin, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, and approved September 17, 2007 (received for review June 6, 2007)

HIV-1 group M subtype B was the first HIV discovered and is the predominant variant of AIDS virus in most countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa. However, the circumstances of its origin and emergence remain unresolved. Here we propose a geographic sequence and time line for the origin of subtype B and the emergence of pandemic HIV/AIDS out of Africa. Using HIV-1 gene sequences recovered from archival samples from some of the earliest known Haitian AIDS patients, we find that subtype B likely moved fromAfrica to Haiti in or around 1966 (1962–1970) and then spread there for some years before successfully dispersing elsewhere. A ‘‘pandemic’’ clade, encompassing the vast majority of non-Haitian subtype B infections in the United States and elsewhere around the world, subsequently emerged after a single migration of the virus out of Haiti in or around 1969 (1966–1972). Haiti appears to have the oldest HIV/AIDS epidemic outside subSaharan Africa and the most genetically diverse subtype B epidemic, which might present challenges for HIV-1 vaccine design and testing. The emergence of the pandemic variant of subtype B was an important turning point in the history of AIDS, but its spread was likely driven by ecological rather than evolutionary factors. Our results suggest that HIV-1 circulated cryptically in the United States for - 12 years before the recognition of AIDs in 1981.

evolution | pandemic | phylogeny | archival | Haiti

Viral gene trees can deliver powerful insights into ecological and evolutionary processes (1). Population-level phylogenetic patterns ref lect both transmission dynamics and genetic change, which in turn can accumulate because of selection (driven, for example, by host immunity) or drift. In this study, we use a phylogenetic approach and HIV-1 gene sequences recovered from early victims of AIDS to investigate when, where, and how HIV-1 emerged from Africa and spread worldwide. Although it accounts for fewer infections than subtype C, which dominates the HIV-1 epidemics in southern Africa and India and is spreading elsewhere (2), HIV-1 group M subtype B is arguably the most widespread HIV variant. No other subtype or circulating recombinant formpredominates in as many countries around the world (3).

Our aim here is to combine phylogenetic, molecular evolutionary, historical, and epidemiological perspectives in an attempt to reconstruct the history of the subtype B pandemic. Such retrospective knowledge can clarify the past but also potentially can be of value for rational vaccine design that takes into account the genetic diversity of the virus (4) and for predicting the future complexity of regional and global HIV-1 genetic diversity. This is a function of how frequently HIV-1 strains disperse to, then successfully colonize, new geographic ranges and host populations, a question we address here.

The idea that Haiti might have played a special role in the unfolding of the AIDS pandemic predates the discovery of HIV. Soon after the initial recognition of AIDS (5), evidence of a high prevalence of the syndrome among Haitian immigrants in the

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opportunity for resolving the origin and emergence of subtype B. They provide direct insight into Haitian HIV-1 genetic diversity at an exceptionally early time point and an unbiased sample for testing the a priori specified phylogenetic hypotheses addressed here.

Results and Discussion
The Geographical Origin of Subtype B. Under the ‘‘Haiti-first’’ model, non-Haitian subtype B strains are expected to be phylogenetically nested within an older and hence more extensive range of Haitian genetic variation, with Haitian lineages branching off closest to the B subtype ancestor. To test whether it is this or an alternative pattern that characterizes this HIV-1 subtype

(Go to pdf for complete report)

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Author contributions: M.T.P.G., A.R., and M.W. designed research; M.T.P.G., A.R., and M.W. performed research; T.J.S. and A.E.P. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; A.R., G.W., T.J.S., A.E.P., and M.W. analyzed data; and A.R. and M.W. wrote the paper. The authors declare no conflict of interest. This article is a PNAS Direct Submission. Freely available online through the PNAS open access option. Abbreviations: TMRCA, time of the most recent common ancestor; MCMC, Markov chain Monte Carlo. Data deposition: The sequences reported in this paper have been deposited in the GenBank database (accession nos. EF159970–EF159974 and EF362773–EF362777).

To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: worobey@email.arizona.edu. This article contains supporting information online at www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/ 0705329104/DC1. © 2007 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA

Page 1 of 5
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(Graph - See PDF)

Fig. 1. The abridged majority-rule consensus tree summarizing the results fromthe MrBayes analysis of complete env genes. The branch lengths represent the mean value observed for that branch among the postburnin sampled trees. Posterior probabilities are indicated for each node. As expected under a ‘‘Haiti-first’’ model, the non-Haitian subtype B strains are phylogenetically nested within an older and more diverse range of Haitian viral variants. The 11 sequences of the Trinidad and Tobago clade and the 96 sequences of the pandemic clade are schematically represented by the blue and yellow triangles, respectively. Haitian or Haitian-linked sequences are shown in green, with the archival sequences labeled in larger bold text. The unabridged tree is available as SI Fig. 4.

[supporting information (SI) Fig. 3], we conducted a detailed Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) phylogenetic analysis using an alignment of the Haitian archival sequences plus 117 previously published subtype B env sequences from a total of 19 countries. Five African strains of subtype D (the closest relative to subtype B) served as the outgroup.

On the env gene phylogeny, the archival sequences occupy basal positions within subtype B (Fig. 1 and SI Fig. 4); there is extremely strong statistical support for a Haitian origin of subtype B, in that the probability of a U.S. or other non-Haitian origin [i.e., the posterior probability of any non-Haitian sequence(s) occupying the most basal position in the B clade] is <0.001. These results indicate, with high statistical significance, that subtype B arrived and began spreading in Haiti before it spread elsewhere and was not originally introduced to Haiti from the United States.....

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sequences, regardless of timing/branch lengths). Under the relaxed-clock model, the posterior probability of a U.S. origin was 0.00003, and the probability of a Haitian origin was 0.9979. The inference that subtype B reached Haiti before spreading to other countries does not depend on a dating analysis. One of .....

(To Be Completed - (Go to pdf for complete report)
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"When you make a choice, you mobilize vast human energies and resources which otherwise go untapped...........If you limit your choices only to what seems possible or reasonable, you disconnect yourself from what you truly want and all that is left is a compromise." Robert Fritz